Supporting the individual: The importance of neurodiversity-affirming care

Each individual experiences and perceives the world in their own unique way. Communication styles, approaches to learning, information processing, social interaction and responses to environmental factors can vary greatly from person to person. Neurodivergent individuals may experience and engage with the world through unique patterns of perception, communication, learning and interaction that reflect the natural diversity of human neurological development.  

With the evolution of knowledge about conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental differences, it becomes evident that healthcare practitioners and educators must offer appropriate care. It is essential to provide an approach that takes into account the strengths, needs, preferences and identities of neurodivergent individuals. This type of care can be called neurodiversity-affirming care.  

The main concept of neurodiversity-affirming care lies in the recognition of neurodevelopmental differences as an integral part of human diversity. Instead of trying to modify the characteristics of a person, the focus should be on understanding them and offering support that will improve their communication skills, increase their independence and self-advocacy, and overall improve the person’s quality of life.  

This approach is more than just another term. 

Understanding neurodiversity  

Neurodiversity is the recognition of variations in the way the human brain functions, including differences associated with autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, dyslexia and more. Aspects such as the way one interacts, communicates, learns and perceives the environment are all part of the diversity that humans possess.  

However, when we begin the discussion about neurodiversity, it doesn’t mean that we do not acknowledge the existing challenges that neurodiverse individuals face. When it comes to communications, emotional regulation, life skills, socialization, interacting with the world and navigating various environments, these are all areas where individualized intervention and support may help those achieve their personal goals and increase independence. 

Neurodiversity-affirming care is an approach that shines light on both truths: Everyone deserves to be accepted and respected, and neurodivergent individuals may experience unique challenges that should be met with understanding, support and compassion. 

In contrast to the standard approach to those with neurodevelopmental disorders, which focuses on how one can make this person look as typical as possible, the neurodiversity-affirmative approach is about “how can we help this person.”  

The goal is not to suppress characteristics or behaviors that are part of an individual’s identity simply because they differ from neurotypical expectations, but rather to develop skills that enhance daily functioning, personal autonomy, authentic expression and overall wellbeing while fostering dignity, inclusion, confidence and opportunities to thrive. 

Understanding the function of behavior is an integral part of the neurodiversity affirmation approach. Instead of focusing on reducing certain behaviors, clinicians think about the reasons for behavior, what message the individual may want to convey through this behavior, and how they may meet their needs.  

For instance, repetitive behaviors, which are called stimming, can have various functions, such as self-regulation, sensory processing and expression. Clinicians do not try to stop these behaviors, but evaluate whether these behaviors are harmful and need any intervention.  

When intervention is appropriate, the focus should remain on teaching effective skills and alternatives while respecting the individual’s experiences and needs. 

Not all individuals show progress in the same way. For some people, progress may involve developing new ways of communication. For others, progress may be about gaining independence, being able to engage in activities of interest, being more self-advocating or feeling comfortable with their surroundings.  

True progress is achieved when an individual’s quality of life and goals improve, not in changing who they are to conform to neurotypical standards.  

Affirmative neurodiversity care is about teamwork, where healthcare practitioners, therapists, teachers and families join forces to develop plans that are relevant to the needs and priorities of the person.  

Strong relationships grow based on listening and mutual respect. When the person and their family feels they are being heard, the care becomes more meaningful and empowering. 

In this respect, applying strengths, embracing individuality and employing compassion can curate an environment where individuals feel understood, equipped and liberated.  

Everyone should be given care that ensures the recognition of their dignity as human beings. Through learning, collaboration and honoring exactly who the individual is, it is possible to provide support to neurodivergent individuals in attaining their goals without losing the unique traits that make them who they are.